CKA CERTIFICATION PRACTICE, BEST CKA STUDY MATERIAL

CKA Certification Practice, Best CKA Study Material

CKA Certification Practice, Best CKA Study Material

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Tags: CKA Certification Practice, Best CKA Study Material, Examinations CKA Actual Questions, CKA Practice Exams, Exam CKA Prep

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The CKA exam evaluates the candidate's proficiency in various Kubernetes concepts such as installation and configuration, application lifecycle management, networking, security, and storage. It is a performance-based exam that requires the candidate to demonstrate their skills in a real-world scenario through a series of hands-on tasks. CKA exam is conducted online, and the candidate is provided with a command-line interface to access a live Kubernetes cluster. CKA exam is timed, and the candidate has three hours to complete the assigned tasks. The CKA certification is an excellent way for professionals to demonstrate their expertise in Kubernetes and gain recognition for their skills in the industry.

The CKA exam is a rigorous, performance-based assessment that tests an individual's ability to perform various tasks related to Kubernetes administration. CKA Exam consists of practical scenarios that require candidates to demonstrate their skills in managing Kubernetes clusters, deploying applications, and troubleshooting issues. CKA exam is conducted online and consists of 24 tasks that must be completed within three hours. The tasks are designed to simulate real-world scenarios that Kubernetes administrators commonly encounter, and candidates must demonstrate their proficiency in using command-line tools and Kubernetes APIs. Upon passing the exam, candidates receive the CKA certification, which is recognized as a valuable credential in the tech industry.

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The CKA program is highly regarded in the industry, and individuals who have earned this certification are considered experts in Kubernetes administration. Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) Program Exam certification is recognized globally and is highly valued by organizations looking for Kubernetes administrators. The CKA program is a great way for individuals to demonstrate their expertise in Kubernetes administration and enhance their career opportunities.

Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Administrator (CKA) Program Exam Sample Questions (Q68-Q73):

NEW QUESTION # 68
You are tasked with setting up fine-grained access control for a Kubernetes cluster running a microservices application. You need to ensure that developers can only access the resources related to their specific microservices while preventing them from accessing or modifying other services' resources. Define RBAC roles and permissions to achieve this, including details of the resources, verbs, and namespaces involved. Consider the following:

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:

Specify the YAML configurations for roles, role bindings, and service accounts to enable the required access control, ensuring developers only have access to their respective microservice's resources within their assigned namespaces. Solution (Step by Step) : 1. Define Roles:

2. Create Service Accounts: apiVersion: vl kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: order-service-sa namespace: order-service-ns -- apiVersion: vl kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: payment-service-sa namespace: payment-service-ns -- apiVersion: vl kind: ServiceAccount metadata: name: inventory-service-sa namespace: inventory-service-ns 3. Bind Roles to Service Accounts: -- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: RoleBinding metadata: name: order-service-dev-binding namespace: order-service-ns roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: order-service-dev subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: order-service-sa namespace: order-service-ns -- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: RoleBinding metadata: name: payment-service-dev-binding namespace: payment-service-ns roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: payment-service-dev subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: payment-service-sa namespace: payment-service-ns -- apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 kind: RoleBinding metadata: name: inventory-service-dev-binding namespace: inventory-service-ns roleRef: apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io kind: Role name: inventory-service-dev subjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: inventory-service-sa namespace: inventory-service-ns 4. Assign Service Accounts to Users: This step requires external authentication mechanisms like OIDC or LDAP. Assuming you have these mechanisms set up, you can associate the service accounts with specific users ('john.doe@example.com' , 'jane.doe@example.com', and 'peter.pan@example.com') using the configured authentication provider. Roles: Define the specific permissions for each microservice developer within their respective namespaces. The roles allow developers to access resources like Pods, Deployments, Services, ConfigMaps, and Secrets related to their assigned microservice. Service Accounts: Service accounts are created in each namespace for each microservice, representing the identity of the developer group. Role Bindings: Role bindings connect the defined roles with the service accounts, granting the associated permissions. User Association: This step connects the service accounts with individual developers through external authentication mechanisms, enabling them to utilize the assigned permissions. By following these steps, you ensure that developers can only access and manage resources associated with their respective microservices within their assigned namespaces. This fine-grained access control policy effectively restricts access and prevents developers from interfering with other microservices or resources. ,


NEW QUESTION # 69
Your team is deploying a critical application on Kubernetes and needs to ensure its availability and performance. You are considering implementing a load balancer for the application to distribute traffic across multiple pods. Describe the types of load balancers available in Kubernetes and explain how to implement an external load balancer using a cloud provider's load balancer service.

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1 . Types of Load Balancers in Kubernetes:
- NodePort: A simple load balancer that exposes the service on each node's IP address and a specific port.
- LoadBalancer: Exposes the service on the public IP address of the cloud provider's load balancer.
- Ingress: A higher-level abstraction that allows for more flexible routing and configuration of traffic to services.
2. Implementing an External Load Balancer using a Cloud Provider:
- Create a Kubernetes Service:
- Define a Kubernetes Service that exposes the application on a specific port.
- Configure the service type to 'LoadBalancer'.

- Configure a Cloud Provider Load Balancer: - Access the load balancer management console of your cloud provider (e.g., AWS Elastic Load Balancer, Google Cloud Load Balancing, Azure Load Balancer). - Create a new load balancer and configure it to listen on the desired port (e.g., port 80). - Configure the load balancer to distribute traffic to the Kubernetes service. This might involve specifying the Kubernetes service's IP address or hostname, depending on the cloud provider's setup. - Configure the health check settings to ensure that the load balancer only routes traffic to healthy pods. - Verify Load Balancer Configuration: - Once the cloud provider load balancer is configured, verify that it is working correctly by accessing the load balancer's public IP address and ensuring that the application responds as expected. - You can also use 'kubectl describe service myapp-service' to check the load balancer's status and external IP address. ,


NEW QUESTION # 70
List all the pods sorted by name

Answer:

Explanation:
kubectl get pods --sort-by=.metadata.name


NEW QUESTION # 71
Score: 7%

Task
Given an existing Kubernetes cluster running version 1.20.0, upgrade all of the Kubernetes control plane and node components on the master node only to version 1.20.1.
Be sure to drain the master node before upgrading it and uncordon it after the upgrade.

You are also expected to upgrade kubelet and kubectl on the master node.

Answer:

Explanation:
SOLUTION:
[student@node-1] > ssh ek8s
kubectl cordon k8s-master
kubectl drain k8s-master --delete-local-data --ignore-daemonsets --force apt-get install kubeadm=1.20.1-00 kubelet=1.20.1-00 kubectl=1.20.1-00 --disableexcludes=kubernetes kubeadm upgrade apply 1.20.1 --etcd-upgrade=false systemctl daemon-reload systemctl restart kubelet kubectl uncordon k8s-master


NEW QUESTION # 72
Score:7%

Context
An existing Pod needs to be integrated into the Kubernetes built-in logging architecture (e. g. kubectl logs).
Adding a streaming sidecar container is a good and common way to accomplish this requirement.
Task
Add a sidecar container named sidecar, using the busybox Image, to the existing Pod big-corp-app. The new sidecar container has to run the following command:
/bin/sh -c tail -n+1 -f /va r/log/big-corp-app.log
Use a Volume, mounted at /var/log, to make the log file big-corp-app.log available to the sidecar container.

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
Solution:
#
kubectl get pod big-corp-app -o yaml
#
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
name: big-corp-app
spec:
containers:
- name: big-corp-app
image: busybox
args:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- >
i=0;
while true;
do
echo "$(date) INFO $i" >> /var/log/big-corp-app.log;
i=$((i+1));
sleep 1;
done
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
- name: count-log-1
image: busybox
args: [/bin/sh, -c, 'tail -n+1 -f /var/log/big-corp-app.log']
volumeMounts:
- name: logs
mountPath: /var/log
volumes:
- name: logs
emptyDir: {
}
#
kubectl logs big-corp-app -c count-log-1


NEW QUESTION # 73
......

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